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Long redefines continuity in purely topological terms (the preimage of an open set is open). He then introduces —the notion of equivalence for topological spaces. The chapter includes classic problems: proving that (0,1) is homeomorphic to R, and that a circle is not homeomorphic to an interval. an introduction to general topology paul e long pdf link
| Textbook | Difficulty | Length | Emphasis | Best For | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | Intermediate | ~200 pages | Concise, exercise-heavy | One-semester undergrad course | | Munkres | Advanced | 500+ pages | Comprehensive, includes algebraic topology | Grad school preparation | | Kelley | Expert | ~300 pages | General topology for analysts | Math graduate students | | Morris (free) | Beginner | ~400 pages | Accessible, conversational | Self-learners without a professor | : Check its citation and community logs on Open Library
